CO2 Heat pumps
– The natural choice for sustainable heating solutions
When you need efficient heating solutions with minimal environmental impact, CO2 heat pumps provide a reliable alternative using natural refrigerant. At Fenagy, we've been developing CO2-based heating systems, focusing on sustainable technology that meets current and future environmental regulations.
CO2 heat pumps use carbon dioxide as a natural refrigerant, providing an effective alternative to synthetic refrigerants. CO2 operates with zero ozone depletion potential and minimal global warming impact while maintaining consistent performance across varying temperature conditions.
Why CO2 makes the perfect natural refrigerant
Carbon dioxide offers unique advantages for heating applications. R744, as CO2 is technically known, is non-toxic, non-flammable and completely safe for both operators and the environment. CO2 systems work with natural processes rather than relying on synthetic chemicals.
CO2 maintains consistent performance across extreme temperature ranges. While traditional refrigerants struggle in cold conditions, CO2 delivers reliable efficiency even when ambient temperatures drop significantly. This reliability makes CO2 ideal for Nordic climates and year-round industrial applications.
How do CO2 heat pumps work?
CO2 heat pumps extract heat from low-temperature sources like ambient air, groundwater or waste heat streams. These systems are ideal for applications with heat-sink return temperatures below 45°C and can deliver supply temperatures up to 85°C, making them suitable for district heating networks and industrial processes.
Our patented FENeject ejector technology optimises CO2 performance by recovering expansion energy that would otherwise be lost, increasing both capacity and efficiency. The FENdefrost system ensures reliable operation in challenging weather conditions, while FENcontrol provides intelligent system management and FENcloud enables 24/7 monitoring for predictive maintenance.
Our CO2 heat pump product ranges
H-range – Large-scale CO2 solutions
Our H-range heat pumps are designed for large-scale applications where reliability and performance are essential. Available in capacities from 500kW to 3,000kW per unit, these systems are suitable for district heating, industrial processes, food industry, greenhouses, data centres, logistics centres, offices, hospitals and HVAC applications.
The H-range operates as both water-sourced and air-sourced systems, providing flexibility for different installation scenarios. All units can be delivered with a walk-in enclosure, which includes lighting, ventilation, CO2 alarm and sound dampening panels. Each unit features a Siemens PLC control system for optimal control and monitoring.
The H-range includes multiple capacity options to match specific project requirements:
APPLICATIONS
District heating · Heat networks
Industrial processes · Food industry
Greenhouses · Data centres
Logistics centres · HVAC in general
Offices and hospitals
CC-range – Compact CO2 technology
For smaller capacity requirements, our CC-range offers close-coupled CO2 heat pump solutions. With capacities ranging from 250-400kW per unit, these systems are suitable for industrial processes, communal heating, greenhouses, water parks, offices and hospitals.
The CC-range features an integrated design where the heat pump and energy collectors are mounted on a single steel frame, creating plug-and-play solutions. The frame is mounted on eight foundation pillars, and the enclosure includes lighting, ventilation, CO2 alarm and sound dampening panels with integrated electrical panel, waterside pumps, valves and energy meter. This integrated approach simplifies installation and reduces on-site complexity.
The CC-range is available in different configurations to meet varying application demands:
APPLICATIONS
Industrial processes
Communal & District heating
Greenhouses · Water parks
Offices and hospitals
CO2 heat pump applications
District heating networks CO2 heat pumps provide an efficient method for large-scale heat distribution, particularly suitable for existing district heating infrastructure that operates within the optimal temperature range for CO2 systems.
Process applications Manufacturing facilities, food processing plants and other industrial operations require consistent process heating at specific temperatures. Industrial heat pumps using CO2 technology provide this thermal energy while reducing dependence on fossil fuels and supporting operational efficiency.
Commercial buildings Large commercial facilities like offices, hospitals and educational institutions benefit from CO2 heat pump technology's combination of reliability and environmental responsibility. These buildings often have consistent heating loads throughout the year, making them suitable candidates for commercial heat pump installations.
Environmental impact and system integration
Unlike synthetic refrigerants with high global warming potentials, CO2 works within existing atmospheric cycles without adding harmful compounds to the environment. CO2 has zero ozone depletion potential and significantly lower climate impact than synthetic alternatives.
Fenagy's CO2 heat pump systems are designed for seamless integration with existing infrastructure. Our systems support various communication protocols and can integrate with SCADA and building management systems. The modular design means systems can be expanded as heating demands grow, with water pumps, energy meters and control valves integrated directly onto the rack.
Making the right choice for your application
CO2 heat pumps excel in applications requiring reliable, high-temperature heat production with minimal environmental impact. Whether you're operating district heating networks, managing process applications or seeking to reduce carbon emissions, CO2 technology offers practical advantages.
For guidance on whether CO2 heat pump technology aligns with your requirements, our experienced team provides consultation services. We evaluate your heating demands and operational goals to recommend the optimal solution from our complete range of heat pumps.
Whether you choose our H-range systems or CC-range units, you're selecting technology that combines proven natural refrigerant principles with reliable engineering innovation, delivering efficient and environmentally responsible heating solutions that meet modern facility demands.
Do you want to know more?
If you have any questions or considerations, don’t hesitate to reach out. We are always happy to answer any inquiry you might have.